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Starting points for a new physics curriculum
Kolář, Petr ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Ješková, Zuzana (referee) ; Kříž, Jan (referee)
This thesis presents starting and supporting points for a new secondary school physics curricu- lum and the methodology which was used. The research design was inspired mainly by the objectivist grounded theory. 29 in-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with elite Czech physicists and there were identified 79 ideas about a secondary school physics curricu- lum. After approximately two years, 56 ideas were used in the questionnaire survey where re- spondents expressed on a Likert scale their degree of agreement with the ideas. Respondents were natural scientists (non-physicists), experts on didactics of physics, secondary school phys- ics teachers and 26 of 29 physicists who were also participants of the interviews. In the ques- tionnaire survey, there were identified ideas on which all groups of respondents agreed and which are stable in time in the group of physicists.
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Application of the Three-Body Problem in the form of exercises
Kolář, Karel ; Šolc, Martin (advisor) ; Franc, Tomáš (referee)
The main topic of this work is the Restricted Three-Body Problem (R3BP) which is illustrated by solving several examples and by simulations in computational system Wolfram Mathematica. The aim is to offer supplemetary material for university students and it can be used also as introduction to this topic for high school students. The first part is dedidated to history of celestial mechanics and to the people who contributed to the development of the R3B Problem. The second chapter consists of simplier tasks with definitions of basic quantities and variables and revision of the undisturbed two-body problem. Subsequent chapters are concentrated to Lagrange points, Jacobi integral, Hill surfaces, tidal force, Tisserand criterion, shape and evolution of close binary stars and other partial tasks.
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The physic principles of relativistic linear accelerator for radiological assistent
VODVÁŘKA, Marek
As the selected theory of transfer of knowledge from the scientific radiological physics (in the sphere of physical bases of relativistic linear accelerator) to students of radiological branches the theory of curricular process was used. This theory was formulated in the world by M. Pasche, T. G. Gardner, M. Certon, M. Gayl, in the Czech and Slovak Republics by J. Průcha, J. Brockmeyerová, P.Tarábek, P. Záškodný. On the base of the curriculum process theory, in the sphere of radiological physics curriculum process can be defined as a sequence of transformations T1-T5 variant forms of curriculum: "Conceptual curriculum" as a communicable scientific system of radiological physics (first variant form of curriculum as transformation T1 output from a scientific system to a communicable scientific system). "Intended curriculum" as an educational system of radiological physics (second variant form of curriculum as transformation T2 output from a communicable scientific system to an educational system). "Project curriculum" as an instructional project of radiological physics (third variant form of curriculum as transformation T3 output from an educational system to a teaching project). "Implemented curriculum-1" as the preparedness of educator to education inradiological physics (fourth variant form of curriculum as the first transformation T4 output from an educational project to implementation of teaching). "Implemented curriculum-2" as the results of education in radiological physics (fifth variant form of curriculum as the second transformation T4 output from aneducational project to implementation of teaching). "Attained curriculum" as applicable results of education in radiological physics (sixth variant form of curriculum transformation T5 output from implementation of teaching to application of the results of teaching). In this thesis, in the sphere of physical bases of relativistic linear accelerator the transformation between the intended curriculum, project curriculum, implemented curriculum-1 and implemented curriculum-2 were used. These transformations were carried out by binds between educating text, experimental teaching, preparation for experimental teaching and placing of educational test to students of radiological branches to find out the results of experimental teaching in the sphere of physical bases of relativistic linear accelerator. In order to prove the hypotheses of the bachelor thesis, methods of mathematical statistics apart from methods of descriptive statistics were used: Nonparametric tests and two sample t-test. Nonparametric test was used to test the normality of knowledge acquired by experimental teaching. Two-sample t-test was used to compare the knowledge from the sphere of physical bases of relativistic linear accelerator in students of full-time and part-time study programme. The bachelor thesis was based on the verification of two hypotheses: a) an adequate educational text in the sphere of physical bases of relativistic linear accelerator can be created by application of curriculum process b) students´ knowledge in the sphere of physical bases of relativistic linear accelerator acquired on the base of worked out educational text will have normal distribution. Both of these hypotheses were confirmed by statistical processing of the results which were obtained by experimental teaching and by placing of educational test to students. Partial hypothesis was also confirmed that knowledge between full-time students and part-time students will not be statistically different on the level of statistical significance 0.05.
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Various Conceptions of Didactics of Physics in the Czech Republic and Abroad
Žák, Vojtěch ; Chvál, Martin (advisor) ; Kasíková, Hana (referee)
Title: Various Approaches to Didactics of Physics in the Czech Republic and Abroad Abstract: This diploma work deals with selected aspects of didactics of physics as a branch of science. Its aim is to start a more systematic reflection of a domestic didactics of physics in connection with the situation abroad as well as with previous developments in the Czech Republic. Important approaches to didactics of physics, (above all the applied, integrated and communicative approach) are described in this work and attention is also paid to international developments. This work also presents arguments about why didactics of physics could be perceived as a branch of science together with the mutual relationships of didactics of physics with other scientific fields. In the last chapter there is a discussion about new possibilities in the development of didactics of physics, especially about the tendency of mutual linking of didactics of physics with didactics of other school subjects. In this chapter there is also an outline of a new approach which focuses on goals. Keywords: didactics of physics, physics education research, approach to didactics of physics, subject didactics
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Application of the Three-Body Problem in the form of exercises
Kolář, Karel ; Šolc, Martin (advisor) ; Franc, Tomáš (referee)
The main topic of this work is the Restricted Three-Body Problem (R3BP) which is illustrated by solving several examples and by simulations in computational system Wolfram Mathematica. The aim is to offer supplemetary material for university students and it can be used also as introduction to this topic for high school students. The first part is dedidated to history of celestial mechanics and to the people who contributed to the development of the R3B Problem. The second chapter consists of simplier tasks with definitions of basic quantities and variables and revision of the undisturbed two-body problem. Subsequent chapters are concentrated to Lagrange points, Jacobi integral, Hill surfaces, tidal force, Tisserand criterion, shape and evolution of close binary stars and other partial tasks.
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